My Good and Bad Habits :: Personal Narrative Essays

My Good and Bad Habits   A habit can be many things, some good, some non so good. Everyone has habits that they would like to change and maybe improve upon. I believe the majority of habits I have are good ones but some are not. These bad habits are the ones I will talk about.   Smoking is a bad habit that is not only harmful to myself, but also to the good deal around me, namely my wife and children. They are the ones that receive the most harmful and the most concentrated amounts of smoke. I inhale through a filter, my wife and children do not.   Another of my irritating and potentially harmful habits is my ability to let anger build up inside and redirect it to another source. The main reason that I say that this is potentially harmful is that when a man lets his anger build up over an extended length of time he eventually becomes a bomb, ready to explode at any time. This anger could show up at any time and be redirected toward anything, such as cars, other people, or things in the home.   After the birth of my first child, I had to learn to develop constructive ways to vent anger. One of those ways was to go off alone, matter to ten, and think about what it was that made me angry. After I discovered the root of my anger, I often asked myself, Will it do me or anyone else any good to be angry?, and, Will being angry do anything to solve the problem, and the answer to both questions was usually no. By the time I had through the walking and thinking, I was usually not angry anymore.   Even in light of these habits I believe the worst habit is my use of foul language. I know that four letter words are only a sign of a limited vocabulary but old habits die hard. I believe I have gotten better after my son was born, due to the fact that it seemed he could repeat the s word more plainly than he could say ball and usually at the most inopportune times.

Guest House :: Essays Papers

Guest HouseThe premiere chapter introduces Mr. and Mrs. Bennett. We dont know their first off chance ons because the wife calls her husband Mr. Bennett and he calls her my dear. They have five grown up daughters and unity is named Lizzy or Elizabeth who is the fathers favorite. The m separate thinks Jane is bighearted (or good-looking) and Lydia humored. The other two daughters have non been introduced yet. Mr. Bennett thinks they are all silly and ignorant, except Lizzy. Mrs. Bennett wants the father to go with her to blabber an eligible, well to do bachelor who ordain motility into a neighboring estate at Michealmas the 29th of September, so she can aquaint him with her 5 available daughters. She would love to marry them off to money. Theres not much going on in her life except worrying almost marrying her daughters and visiting with the other neighbors. Mr. Bennett, however, is not interested in run across Mr. Bingley cook Northern England and after twenty thr ee years of marriage fancies himself to be the greater mind of the two.Chapter IIMr. Bennett goes ahead and is one of the first large number to visit Mr. Bingley. He doesnt tell them straight divulge that he has been to visit him, because he knows theyre all dying to meet him. So, he teases them about it first by telling them that hey may be the ones to introduce him to some of the other neighbors. They still dont catch on until he drops the go bad that hes already been to visit. He enjoys their shocked reaction, but doesnt stick around. In this chapter we find out that Lizzy (the fathers favorite) is the second daughter. We also find out that one of the other daughters name is Kitty and she has an annoying cough and is really sensitive about it. The other girls name that we didnt know is Mary, who is a bookworm. She is quiet. We also find out that Lydia is the youngest, but is also the tallest of the 5 girls. She appears to have a little spunk to her.Chapter IIIThe girl s along with their father try to get their father to tell them about Mr. Bingley. They try every cleaver thing that they can think of to get even a touch modality of that he looks like or personality.Guest House Essays PapersGuest HouseThe first chapter introduces Mr. and Mrs. Bennett. We dont know their first name because the wife calls her husband Mr. Bennett and he calls her my dear. They have five grown up daughters and one is named Lizzy or Elizabeth who is the fathers favorite. The mother thinks Jane is handsome (or good-looking) and Lydia humored. The other two daughters have not been introduced yet. Mr. Bennett thinks they are all silly and ignorant, except Lizzy. Mrs. Bennett wants the father to go with her to visit an eligible, well to do bachelor who will move into a neighboring estate at Michealmas the 29th of September, so she can aquaint him with her 5 available daughters. She would love to marry them off to money. Theres not much going on in her life ex cept worrying about marrying her daughters and visiting with the other neighbors. Mr. Bennett, however, is not interested in meeting Mr. Bingley form Northern England and after twenty three years of marriage fancies himself to be the greater mind of the two.Chapter IIMr. Bennett goes ahead and is one of the first people to visit Mr. Bingley. He doesnt tell them straight out that he has been to visit him, because he knows theyre all dying to meet him. So, he teases them about it first by telling them that hey may be the ones to introduce him to some of the other neighbors. They still dont catch on until he drops the bomb that hes already been to visit. He enjoys their shocked reaction, but doesnt stick around. In this chapter we find out that Lizzy (the fathers favorite) is the second daughter. We also find out that one of the other daughters name is Kitty and she has an annoying cough and is really sensitive about it. The other girls name that we didnt know is Mary, who is a bookworm. She is quiet. We also find out that Lydia is the youngest, but is also the tallest of the 5 girls. She appears to have a little spunk to her.Chapter IIIThe girls along with their mother try to get their father to tell them about Mr. Bingley. They try every cleaver thing that they can think of to get even a hint of that he looks like or personality.

No Prayer in the Public Schools Essays -- Argumentative Persuasive Re

Over the past three decades, the issue of the role of prayer in the normal school system has set about increasingly controversial. The current debate juggles the opposing interpretations of the exact intentions of Americas Founders, who came from an other country, England, in pursuite of expanded freedoms. The first colonists in the 17th century especially desired unearthly freedom, because their former British government forced them all to learn and practice a centralized religion. Consequently, A mericas first legislators made certain that their religiously pluralistic nation would not be the victim of government intervention in religious matters. Therefore, religious freedom was guaranteed in the firstly Amendment to the Constitution of the Unite d States. The writers included as the very first sentence the words, Congress shall make no law respecting the establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof . . . (Alley 13). This program line alow s Americans to freely express and practice or chose not to practice a religion. The two distinct terms of the religious freedom affirmation in the First Amendment to the Constitution became known as the Free Exercise Clause, which ensures religious expression, and the Establishment Clause, which protects citizens from state im posed religion. The two clauses are generally interpreted as existence contradictory to each other. For instance, a right guaranteed to a particular group by one clause might directly violate the right of other group maintained by the other clause. Becau se of the conflicting religious expression clauses stated under the First Amendment, the role of prayer in public schools is controversial and must be interpreted in... ...Buffalo, wise York Prometheus Books, 1994. Barker, Dan. The Case Against School Prayer. Internet Infidels. Online. Internet. 21 October 2002. Available http//www.infidels.org/org/ffrf/issues/pray.html Farmer, Rod. The School Prayer Issue. Education 104 (1984) 248-49. Gaffney, Edward McGlynn. A church service in Texas. Commonweal 124 (April 25, 1997) 9-10. OConnor, Sandra. Forward the Establishment Clause and Endorsement of Religion. Journal of Law and Religion 8 (1990) 1-4. Sikorski, Robert. Prayer in Public Schools and the Constitution 1961-1992. New York Garland Publishing Inc., 1993. Thomas, Oliver. Prayer and Speech. Finding Common Ground 12 (1996) 29 pars. Online. Internetr. 1 October 2002. Whitehead, John W. The Rights of Religious Persons in Public Education. Wheaton, Illinois Crossway Books, 1994 33,49-50.

Satire in How to Poison the Earth Essay -- Linnea Saukko

How to poison the earth by Linnea Saukko screw be seen in two different aspects. The first one would be by looking at it in a literal way, in which it forget make it a very harsh, inhumane and cold text. On the new(prenominal) hand, it could be seen as a satire, sarcastic and ironic text in which Saukko expects to catch the readers attention. Saukko exaggerates the sarcasm, and satire in her writing in hunting lodge to make the readers realize and understand the main purpose of her essay, which is to warn readers ab unwrap threats to the future of our planet. Scientific terms are used frequently through out the text, but are followed by explanations in a coherent way, hence it makes it clearer and more understandable to the reader. For example, she is writing about substances and their characteristics, one of them is an unusual term called half life, followed by an explanation in a parenthesis with a clearer explanation of the term. That way, it can be understood by the general public. The writing is straight out front and its absent of metaphors and similes. It is more an informative reading rather than descriptive, therefore it is lacking details and adjectives. Saukko starts by pointing out sarcastically how difficult polluting the earth can be. Afterwards, she starts listing efficient methods on contaminating the world, such(prenominal) as generating as much waste as possible from substances (Saukko, 246), or building more thermonuclear plants. At the beginning, it might be shocking to the reader the approach she is taking to make her point. In other words, the readers might not understand why she has such a negative attitude and hatred against the world. The manipulation, exaggeration, and the wor... ...d for the general public in order to raise well-disposed awareness in preventing polluting the world. It is important to raise social awareness on topics of this nature because it is affecting our world. It is important to consider it as every individual problem and concern rather than see it as an impertinent issue. Saukko chose a whole new approach and technique to get into peoples mind. Usually, authors that want to point out and raise social awareness on issues of this nature, tend to be direct and straightforward about it. However, Saukko has taken it to the next level by approaching the readers in a unique way that will catch more of their attention and hopefully move their emotions on the topic. Works CitedSaukko , Linnea.How to Poison the Earth.The Brief Bedford Reader. Bedford/St.Martins Boston 9th edition ,2006.246-247.

Generating Real-Time Visual Meaning for Live Indian Drumming :: Music Rhythm Drums Musical Essays

Generating Real-Time Visual Meaning for Live Indian Drumming Abstract In this essay, a system essential to generate visual meaning for live performed music is described. Specifically, this system is calibrated to respond to North Indian classical and folk drumming tradition, using tailored designed digital musical interfaces, such as the Electronic Tabla and Electronic Dholak.A drum, when struck, does not generate its sound as a record of the deplumate applied, but as an artifact of a physical response to that strike within the artistically controlled conditions of its material state. With the design of the North Indian drum controllers, we certain a physical model for digital audio synthesis to re pee-pee the aural qualities of the drums response under the control of the player. From there, we abstracted that concept to develop a dynamically antiphonary model for real-time rhythmic visual synthesis.In creating a visual experience for North Indian classical music, we sought to create a dynamic visual accompaniment with an appropriate ambience for the patterns and complexities of North Indian drumming. The design process was shaped by the need to react to a series of signals that would be received from the musician through the digitized musical interfaces, while giving a visual performer the ability to modify and shape those reactions over the course of the performance. In contrast to using a prerendered or abstract visual image, we aim to create an audiovisual composition which is both aesthetically compelling and responsive to the conditions of live performance, in addition to providing a meaningful visual context for what the performer is playing.In this essay, we will describe- Veldt a custom build application for visual expression of musical performance.- Digital Indian Drums the Electronic Tabla and Electronic Dholak which digitize gestural information of a live performer.- Rhythmic visualization of our system used in live performances.Veld tVeldt is an application which was designed from the ground up for the purpose of visual expression and performance. It receives MIDI (Music legal document Digital Interface) and OSC (Open SoundControl)1 messages from digital musical interfaces and maps them to a system of reactive events in order to generate live visuals, which are rendered real-time using the OpenGL2 graphics language. Mappings are flexible sets of mappings may be arranged and modified during the design and rehearsal process, and triggered by control events during different movements of a performance, and arbitrary text, images, video, and geometric models may be used as source material.

Free College Essays - Anse as a Vulture in As I Lay Dying :: As I Lay Dying Essays

 Anse as a Vulture in As I Lay Dying     Human beings are commonly accepted as social creatures. They are considered evolved due to the fact that they were the first animals to develop a create verbally language to help with communication. In the mass, As I Lay Dying, William Faulkner compares the characters to less evolved species. The resemblance between the characters and their inanimate counterparts in nature is used in the book to show how inhuman they are in personality. Many birds are carnivorous, that is, they prey upon other animals for food. In this book, Faulkner uses the character of Anse Bundren to personify a vulture. Anse is compared to predatory birds in target to expose the similarities of the nature and behavior, of the human and the animal species. Anse resembles a vulture when Addie first sees him. She describes him as a tall bird hunched in the cold brave (170). Anse is often depicted as having a humped, motionless, and cold silhouette (51-5 2). While he gazes at Addie lying in bed, he partakes an owl-like quality of awry-feathered, disgruntled rape within (49). Anse is often unshaven, dirty, seeming dark and dreary. He is selfish and continually on the prowl, like a culture, for more money and extravagance. The Latin meaning for the intelligence vulture is the basic nature of these birds breeze scavengers. Rarely flapping their large wings, vultures cruise by on air currents, searching for dead animals to eat. Anse grabs Addies attention by driving past the school house watching Addie. He drives by, trying to catch a glimpse, almost baseing her, as a vulture would stalk its prey before attacking. Anse is not gentle and loving. He stands, stiff as a scarecrow, silent, and grotesque. His position evokes fear in others and makes them do what he desires. When Addie excepts Anses proposal to marriage, he takes her from her home and place of birth, and brings her to his farm. Addies life, from that point on, is harsh and ungratifying. It is when Addie is with Anse, that she realizes that her fathers beliefs are true -- the purpose of life is to get ready to be dead. Anse, like a vulture, is cool and calculating. As Addie is lying in bed, Anse sits on the front doorstep of the house waiting for her to die.

Free College Essays - Anse as a Vulture in As I Lay Dying :: As I Lay Dying Essays

 Anse as a Vulture in As I Lay Dying     Human beings are commonly accepted as social creatures. They are considered evolved due to the fact that they were the first animals to develop a pen language to help with communication. In the declare, As I Lay Dying, William Faulkner compares the characters to less evolved species. The resemblance between the characters and their inanimate counterparts in nature is used in the book to show how inhuman they are in personality. Many birds are carnivorous, that is, they prey upon other animals for food. In this book, Faulkner uses the character of Anse Bundren to personify a vulture. Anse is compared to predatory birds in stray to expose the similarities of the nature and behavior, of the human and the animal species. Anse resembles a vulture when Addie first sees him. She describes him as a tall bird hunched in the cold support (170). Anse is often depicted as having a humped, motionless, and cold silhouette (51-52). Whil e he gazes at Addie lying in bed, he partakes an owl-like quality of awry-feathered, disgruntled pique within (49). Anse is often unshaven, dirty, seeming dark and dreary. He is selfish and continually on the prowl, like a culture, for more money and extravagance. The Latin meaning for the treatment vulture is the basic nature of these birds breeze scavengers. Rarely flapping their large wings, vultures cruise by on air currents, searching for dead animals to eat. Anse grabs Addies attention by driving past the school house watching Addie. He drives by, trying to catch a glimpse, almost foreing her, as a vulture would stalk its prey before attacking. Anse is not gentle and loving. He stands, stiff as a scarecrow, silent, and grotesque. His position evokes fear in others and makes them do what he desires. When Addie excepts Anses proposal to marriage, he takes her from her home and place of birth, and brings her to his farm. Addies life, from that point on, is harsh and ungratify ing. It is when Addie is with Anse, that she realizes that her fathers beliefs are true -- the purpose of life is to get ready to be dead. Anse, like a vulture, is cool and calculating. As Addie is lying in bed, Anse sits on the front doorstep of the house waiting for her to die.

Theories of Criminal Behavior

When evaluating the dynamics of both the strain and control theories one must factor into their analysis the sub-cat egories of each theory and how they contri stille to the overall spectrum of crime, punishment, and affable control. The following evaluation consists of those evaluations that consist of the varying forms of both the strain and control theories of crime including the strengths and weaknesses of each standpoint, the empirical validity of each, and the overall ramifications for crime prevention. Strain Theories Frustration.This is the launching for the plethora of strain theories that encompass the criminological and theoretical world (Tibbetts, 2012, p. 110). The staple premise of the theory traces its roots back to Robert K. Merton. Frustration to meet societies expectations in legal injury of success, (Specifically, monetary wealth), is a primary contributor to guilty behavior. Furthermore, the unequal balance between the goals of acquiring this wealth, and the substance by which one seeks to achieve this end is exposit by Merton as an anomie. Simply put, it is not so much how one gains wealth it is merely of primary importance that one does in fact achieve it, by whatever means possible (Tibbetts, 2012, p. 112). Merton believed that Americas fascination with acquiring wealth at any cost is a direct link to the strain theory. However, Merton also believed that each individual experienced strain differently. He reasoned that each person experiencing the strain, dealt with it within the concept of pentad variations.The five variations or adaptions to strain consist of conformity, ritualism, innovators, retreatism, and rebellion (Tibbetts, 2012, p. 112-113). Adaptations to strain- Five variations Conformity, in relation to the strain theory, refers to people who utilize traditional means by which to gain their goals of material acquisition (Tibbetts, 2012, p. 112). Ritualists, the second adaption to the strain theory, refers to those do no t wish to gain monetary abundance or riches. However, like conformists, they do structure their lives in a manner that is conventional.They enjoy their occupations, and their normal everyday lives, but they do not aggressively seek to enter into a higher echelon of economic emplacement (Tibbetts, 2012, p. 113). Innovators are thought to be the most likely to seek out and live a life of crime (Tibbetts, 2012, p. 113). Innovators wish to achieve money and riches, but want no part of the conventional or traditional methods of achieving this end. They do not desire to work hard to achieve their goals. Instead, they look for ways to besiege the normal or traditional processes of education and hard work.This does not always include crime, as one might initially think. Many inventors and entrepreneurs fit the course of study of innovator. For example, the establishers of Google, Yahoo, and other internet search engine web sites are innovators. Athletes who sign lucrative contracts ar e also considered innovators. These individuals are not part of the criminal population- they scarce seek to find different ways to achieve the same goals of the traditional groups. Alternatively, there are innovators who engage in activities such as dealing drugs, robbing banks, thievery cars, etc. Tibbetts, 2012, p. 112). These individuals represent the other end of the innovator equation. Finally, retreatism and rebellion round out the final two classifications of the adaptations to the strain theory. Retreatists, like innovators, do not stick with the normal concepts of hard work and education neither do they wish to achieve the end of monetary wealth. All forms of reteatists seek to disappear from society completely- not buying into its goals or methods (Tibbetts, 2012, p. 113). Lastly, rebellion is usually thought of as the most intriguing of the five adaptations to strain.The difference that pertains to this category of individuals is how they view societys goals and the me ans by which one accomplishes them. While they buy into the concept of goals and methods of society, they do not buy into the CURRENT social structure and its associative ideas of goals and means. Instead, they seek to create their get social structure by overthrowing the current structure and replacing it with one in that adapts to their ideas and values (Tibbetts, 2012, p. 113). Evidence and Criticisms of the Strain TheorySince the foundation of the strain theory was set(p) by Merton, many a(prenominal) criticisms have surfaced, as well as supporting evidence. The strength of the theory lies primarily within the fact that the Mertons work provided a structure whereby societal groups in general are evaluated-not individual groups (Tibbetts, 2012, p. 114). There is also the existence of scattered amounts of evidence based support that poverty connect directly to crime (Tibbetts, 2012, p. 114). Support for the theory appears to derive from macrolevel rates (Group rates) of the rela tion between crime and poverty (Tibbetts, 2012, p. 12). Critics of the strain theory cite various reasons wherefore the theory of strain is not valid, or at the very least, flawed. One such reason is the variation of occupations in which people engage, as well as the wide variety of expectations these people possess in terms of what a certain life course might take. While there are many theories, both for and against and everywhere in between Mertons strain theory, one cannot argue against the strength of its basic premise of expectations vs. the means to achieve those expectations, and the varying degrees of wardrobe this places upon individuals.Social Control Theory Control theories operate under the premise that all individuals would subscribe to anti-social behavior save for restrictions that are put in place to defy against their own deviant tendencies (Tibbetts, 2012, p. 152). Basically, control theories stem from the idea that all mankind is evil in terms of base character - man must be contained via laws, guidelines, and restraints. Although not easily tested, the idea of natural criminal inclinations receives a strong supporting cast via recent empirical evidence.Research has found that most people are bent towards criminal actions at an early age. An example of the natural tendency towards criminal behavior is indicated by a reported study by Tremblay and LeMarquand (Tibbetts, 2012, p. 153). This study found that most childrens antisocial behavior peaked at the age of 27 months-particularly boys behavior (Tibbetts, 2012, p. 153). Other likeminded studies have surfaced that also result rise to this evidence pertaining to antisocial tendencies Tibbetts, 2012, p. 153). Several other control theories present themselves within the realm of criminal behavior.For example, Reisss control theory states that criminal tendencies were a byproduct of a weak ego or superego controls among incarcerated youth (Tibbetts, 2012, p. 157). However, Reiss believed tha t strong family bonds served to act as a counterbalance to these weak ego and super ego controls (Tibbetts, 2012, p. 112). Additionally, traits that a person either possessed or did not possess weighed heavily within the framework of Reisss control theory. Examples of personal traits include, but are not limited to, impulse restraint, and the ability to delay gratification (Tibbetts, 2012, p. 12). Control perspectives are the most archaic, yet most respected indications and reasons for criminal actions by individuals. The basic position is that mankind is selfish and seeks its own gratification at any cost. The counteracting barriers to this behavior is put into place by social policies and controls that combat and react to criminal activity and the theory that mankind is evil and selfish. References Tibbetts, S. G. (2012) Criminological theory The essentials. SAGE publications, Inc.

Comparing and contrasting Bandura’s cognitive theory Essay

Introduction Perhaps there are as many differences as there are similarities between the ideas uttered in Banduras Cognitive hypothesis and Becks Cognitive Theory. Many similarities exist between the two theories because they are both based on the discover of human behavior and personality. However, the ideas expressed and mechanisms used in analysis confer some discord between the two theories. It is evident that no two persons in the humankind would have exclusively similar thoughts about a phenomenon hence, differences are always abound.Since studies in similar fields are usually related in a way, prevalence of similarities should not occur as a surprise. For example, the fact that behavior is affected by, among other things, the environment, is embraced in the detail of both theories. The two theorists are also of common opinion that negative thoughts are likely to trigger negative behavior and dysfunction in many activities. For example, Banduras system highlights that pop ulate with high opinions about themselves are usually better performers in many activities than those who weigh themselves on a lower scale.In the same way, Becks theory is emphatic of the point that negative thoughts in people lead such people to have low opinion of themselves and evaluate themselves negatively. Banduras Cognitive Theory and Becks Cognitive Theory both view the environment as a determinant of personality and behavior. While Bandura (1976) used environmental factors in his triad, Beck (1976) showed that the world (in reference to the environment) is one of the factors that shape a persons behavior, attitudes and perceptions about various phenomena.Both theorists agree that the environment acts together with other factors to shape a persons character and behavior. For instance, Bandura (1986) observed that aggressive behavior in adolescents is caused by the environment, but the behavior as well creates an environment. Bandura referred to such a kindred as reciprocal determinism. On the other hand, Beck (1976) noted that the world shapes a persons character since a person acts in accordance with what is happening in the ecumenic world.Disparities in Banduras and Becks theories are evident right from the beginning of the model. While there is a similarity of the use of a triad, the constituents of the triads are the obtain of dissonance. This is in addition to many other instances in the illustration of the applications of the two models. This paper gives an analysis of the similarities and differences in the two theories and the implications or causes of such scenario. Moreover, the paper go away highlight the key areas where similarities as well as differences occur between the two theories.

Broad Narrow View of CSR

In my view the statement the social responsibility of melodic phrase is to increase profit is true to a point, however, I believe a corporations responsibilities spread beyond just maximising profits. The Narrow View argues that profit maximisation is the only target for a business. Levitt. T wrote, In the end business has only two responsibilities- to obey the elementary canons of face-to-face civility (honesty, good faith and so on) and to look to material gain. Milton Friedman argued that business has no social responsibilities other than to maximise profit.Friedman also argues that the corporation is an artificial person and can, therefore, only have artificial responsibilities. blood is apparently an even more artificial construct and therefore we are left with just proprietors and corporate executives who can actually be responsible. Because the function of business organisation is to make money, the owners of corporations employ executives to accomplish the goals, thus ma nagers are obliged to act in the interest of owners. According to Friedman, executives have social corporate responsibilities beyond pursuit of profit.They must decease shareholder money for general social interest such as taxing the owners and spending taxes on social causes. (Friedman, 1970) on that point is one and only one social responsibility of business is to use its resources and engage in activities designed to increase its profits so long as it stays within the rules of the game, which is to say, engages in open and free competition without deception or fraud. If there was no initiation of force, there is nothing wrong with profit. However, at the same time, there are many instances of initiation of force that give businesses, and the market, the illusion of profit.Most of the time, these initiations of force come in the form of which creates regulation benefiting one society at the disadvantage of free competition or some sort of subsidy which takes money from taxpaye rs. Every business has a responsibility to its owners and shareholders to increase its profits, that successful businesses also help provide for the community. Financial managers dont often think about the business social responsibility to increase profits. However, while their main concern may be aking money for themselves and their social club, their efforts will often generate revenue within the community, providing benefits which business owners and shareholders may never consider. All things being equal, the profit and loss of a business tells an owner how wholesome or how poorly a business is meeting the wants and needs of individuals in society. This is true for a small or the largest of corporations. It doesnt matter whether a business services a few folks locally, or a mass of population internationally, the role of profit and loss is simmer down the same in any business situation.The only way a business can increase profit is if a business, small, medium, or large is providing something of hold dear to other individuals. Each of these businesses is benefiting someone in society, and the business knows this because of such profit. In contrast to what Friedman and Levitt said about business has other obligations in addition to pursue profits, the broad view maintain that a corporation has obligations not just to its shareholders but to other constituencies that are affected.Keith Davis stated that social responsibility implies that business decision maker in process of serving his own business interest is obliged to take actions that protect and enhance societys interest. Shareholders own the company and they entrusts management with their funds and in return the management make as much money for them. The manager of a corporation does indeed have a fiduciary duty to look after the shareholders interest. In argue with the narrow view theory, management have duties to other constituencies as well like employees and customers. A stakeholder value perspective places worth on social responsibility above profit.However, if the business is not profitable, it cannot provide for its valuable stakeholders. Thus, the business has a social responsibility to all involved to increase its profits. As long as the business works to balance the needs of all stakeholders, it should have no problem meeting its social responsibilities. When businesses increase their profits, they often create new jobs. Employees benefit from these jobs, and the community benefits from the money spent by these employees. When employees are able to spend money and pay taxes, they indirectly contribute to schools, libraries and other public institutions.

As a young child in school I can rememb Essay

As a young child in school I can remember saying to myself, If I were a teacher I would never do that to my students At a real young age, as young as the first crisscross, my personal philosophical system of Early Childhood breeding was already in progress and surfacing. My personal philosophy is to instill good morals and values in all children respect all children and their families cultures, ethnicities, race, beliefs, and structure portion out each child fairly to ensure that all children savor equally peculiar(a) have families, communities, and educators work as one remain a womb-to-tomb advocator of childrenExhaust all resources before deciding to hold a child back a grade and to maintain a constant fun, loving, safe, and optimistic environment for each child. It is a philosophy such as the one I have set forth that will encourage all families to feel welcomed, all children to feel loved, and everyone to want to work unitedly as one in order to aid in a childs optimum development. It all began in preschool and kindergarten while attending a Montessori School in my town. My preschool and kindergarten experience has had a great impact on my ideas towards education.I felt safe, secure, and special in school. I remember specific activities that at my new school, when I transitioned in the 1st grade, were not available to me, such as learning and practicing terrestrial activities like cleaning silverware, folding our blankets from rest eon, preparing and cutting fruit to eat, and keeping a clean and orderly classroom. Moreover, the root of my morals and values developed from this fulfilment in my life. I remember in school being taught the fundamental values of sharing, caring, listening, trusting, and being honest.I learned that lying,stealing , cheating, hitting, and disrespecting elders or each other were bad. influential movies and cartoons such as the Care Bears, Hug-a-bunch, Free to Be You and Me taught me about love, hugging, sharing, carin g, helping others and equality. My childishness from preschool to third grade was a critical time for me to grow and learn, and practically of what I experienced in the classroom and at home influenced how I would develop later and then as the person I am today.As a Substitute Teacher with no background classroom experience or educational degree,I brought with me the strong moral and ethical values I possess as a person, my patience, love and care for children, my passion for academics, and my past and personal experiences as a student in a classroom. One of the major(ip) intellectual influences was my experience in a Montessori School and then reading about the Montessori Method in my present graduate class.I never complete that Maria Montessori was the first woman to become a doctor in Italy, nor did I realize the specifics of the Montessori Method until I correlated my experiences with what was actually written and exposit about in the book.For instance, She created objects fo r children to allow them to experience physical activities such as stacking, unmortgageding, closing, dusting, and connecting. Maria Montessori saw this goal-oriented activity as childrens work and contrasted it with play, which she saw as unfocused and frivolous (pg. 16). My personal philosophy coincides with her beliefs because it is through this childs sense of work that morals and good values are developed.A child saying, Youve got foul hands, you ought to wash them (pg. 17) is an example of a child who will continue to master societys demands andexpectations on how to behave passim life. Another person who has compete an influential role in my life, and has acted as a mentor, is my second grade teacher. Its amazing that out of all my teachers from preschool through graduate school, my second grade teacher left the greatest impression on me.She possessed great patience and clarity when explaining new material to the class. She made me feel comfortable to deal questions or speak up in class, and I specifically remember her creative ways of teaching, such as the knock-knock game for subtraction, which made learning in her classroom so easy andfun. When I run into her she still shows refer for me and is eagerly open and willing to help as I become a teacher. She is definitely one of the reasons why I decided to become an early childhood teacher, and she is a person who has had a major impact on my beliefs towards academia.On the other hand, other teachers who have helped shape my beliefs have done so by providing me with negative experiences in the classroom. For instance, well-nigh teachers would punish the whole class because authorized students were bad. I thought this method of correcting bad appearance was entirely unfair.Even though today I realize the technique behind the action, at the time I remember experiencing feelings of helplessness, and today I never want another child to experience that feeling again. Another unfair characteristic d isplayed by some teachers was favoritism. By showing favoritism, it didnt bear me, nor many of my classmates, feel special or secure in class. Lastly, my brother, who is one year younger than me, and I were very close growing up as children. However, in the first grade his teacher held him and 6 other students back a grade on pecker of being too immature.My family was furious and no matter how many times my parents spoke with the teacher and administrators, the termination remained the same. As a result, my brother and I at one point attended two different schools, we werent as close anymore, his self-esteem dropped immensely, he lost friends, and had to spend the rest of his life explaining and argue himself to those who questioned his age in comparison to his grade. My experience with having a family member subjected to being held back is why I believe that all resources must be weak before deciding to hold back a child.The decision should be a composite of the family, admini strators, and other professionals opinions and thoughts. Most importantly, recognizing and knowing the child at hand, and how this decision will impact his or her life. My beliefs have been carried out as a Substitute Teacher in the classroom. For instance, my belief in fairness for all children was illustrated when I thanked the good children of the class at the end of the day for being on their best behavior. Interestingly, the students thanked me in return for recognizing them because they said that teachers rarely acknowledge their goodbehavior because they are too distracted by the students who misbehave. As a teacher I would use this same philosophy when treating my students. A good level of supremacy and strictness would be provided, along with a great deal of love, patience, care, and attention for each child. A safe and secure feeling will permeate throughout the classroom in order to ensure an optimal learning environment for all children.My classroom for a second grade c lass would be setup and decorated as follows two alphabets, regular and cursive would hang above the blackboardsmy posters would contain knowledge about good manners, famous men and women in history, and heaps of multi-cultural pictures so everyone feels welcomed seasons and thematic units will provide further layout for decorating ideas the library area would have a big comfy chair for me to read and then smallish comfortable chairs and a rug for the children to read and sit on during quiet or free timeThere will be math, language, and art games for them to play, and supernumerary creative and unique learning strategies and games. I would have a very trusting and open- brained relationship with parents, colleagues, andadministrators. I would also keep an open mind when dealing with exceptional circumstances, such as a child with a special need, or a child that misbehaves frequently. Each family unit varies, so I must be sensitive to an array of circumstances, such as the variou s formations of a family and structure, a parents style and beliefs of parenting, a child and families live situation, and a familys ethnicity and culture.Administrators and colleagues personal philosophies will be respected. However, the only way the child will develop positivelyaccording to the schools philosophy is if the administrators and teachers believe and exemplify this philosophy also. So when views may seem opposite, its accepting the differences, respecting each others differences, and working through the differences that will make any school a positive and safe place for the children to learn. Also when approaching exceptional circumstances, a teacher needs to again keep an open mind, take an objective stance, and be flexible in his or her views, expectations, strategies, and procedures in resolving an issue.As a teacher develops his or her beliefs about early childhood education it is important to reflect upon the period of time when one was a student. Keeping an open mind to the way society and education as evolved overtime is a key factor that will help teachers better understand families, children, faculty, and their role as a teacher today. The child should be the main concern of the school, family, and community at all times. We are the educators, motivators, inspirers, and disciplinary for children. What we believe as educators will be reflected in the growth of each child.By joining teachers, families, communities, and administrators together as one, we are building a positive foundation for the children who are will be the products of our future. re traditional Hindu residential schools of learning typically the teachers house or a monastery. During the Mughal rule, Madrasahs were introduced in India to educate the children of Muslim parents. British records show that indigenous education was widespread in the eighteenth century, with a school for every temple, mosque or village in most regions of the country. The subjects taught

Ben & Jerry’s Case Study Essay

Team twist was not the most effective way to transmit an Organizational Development effort, in the case of Ben and Jerrys. There atomic number 18 two critical dos that must be dealt with before any kind of team building should be attempted. The first topic would be creating more of a consensus in the midst of the founders and the Board about the vision of the ideal arrangement and the goals of the OD effort. The second issue is the interpersonal scrap between Ben and Chico.The consultant may have used Ben and Jerrys idiosyncratic personalities to his advantage in order to gloss over the lose of agreement on the company vision between the founders and the board. The board members were asked to write down their differing visions on paper and the consultant performed a ritual of burning these to arrange transformation and coming together of management and the Board. This is only a metaphor, and did not have the intended effect on either the Board or Ben and Jerry. some(prenom inal) Ben and Jerry still felt a separation in values between themselves and management after the team building retreat. This was demonstrated by the managers wearing we argon weird buttons after the team building. Rather than the ritual burning of the ideas, the consultant would have better served the clients with an intergroup conflict resolution process.The division over the vision of Ben and Jerrys had become dysfunctional and was creating conflict which polarized the two groups. The groups being the free-wheeling, hippy minded founders and the more business minded managers. This problem was affecting the productivity and effectuality of the organization at large and must be dealt with and resolved before any discussions are carried out and lower levels of the organization. Management must buy-in to the OD effort, and if they feel that the founders are flawed in their business strategy, it will be impossible for management to carry out their wishes for the way they want their b usiness to grow and prosper. The consultant has acknowledge the problem, yet performed no real interventions to try and resolve it.There was also no mention of a consensus on the focus of the OD effort. It seems that the consultant tho tried to make everyone happy without any real conflict resolution interventions. The next issue that should precede any team building exercises would be an intervention for Ben and Chico. The two men have a large presence and influence over the entire organization. They also represent the larger groups which are in conflict over the fundamental philosophy of the organization. The employees consider them to be two titans of power with legendary arguments.The consultant should have focused on a third-party intervention between these two change agents. If these two powerful and influential men could come together and resolve some of their conflict, that would be the next logical step in properly motivating and developing the organization. This is a bas ic skill that OD practitioners should have, yet the consultant made no effort to address the conflicts between the two. Its also very likely that the conflict between Ben and Chico could be the root cause of the polarization of the two groups in the entire organization. If that is the case, you would have to address this issue in order for team building to be effective.The teambuilding efforts of the consultant were appropriate and needed, but only after the two more primary issues are dealt with. The effectiveness of this OD intervention was thwarted by the lack of attention to conflicts in ideology.

JPMorgan Chase Paper Essay

In the summer of 2012, JPMorgan Chase, the largest leading U. S. bank, announced trading losses from investment decisions made by its Chief Investment subprogram (CIO) of $5. 8 billion. The Securities and Exchange complaint (SEC) was come throughd falsified first twenty-five percent reports that hidden this massive loss. Discuss how administrative agencies like the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) or the Commodities Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) take motion in order to be effective in preventing high-risk gambles in securities / banking, a foundation of the economy. In the summer of 2012, JPMorgan Chase, the largest leading U.S. bank, shew known trading losses from investment verdict made by its Chief Investment Office (CIO) of $5. 8 billion. The Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) was provided falsified first quarter reports that concealed this enormous loss. The duty of the U. S. Securities and Exchange Commission is to protect investors, uphold fair, organiz e, and efficient markets, and facilitate capital formation. Obligatory public companies to disclose meaningful pecuniary information to the public is an effective move toward the SEC takes in order to assure the securities of this nation (U. S.Securities and Exchange Commission). These assist investors prevent high-risk gambles and allows them to make the pay off decisions when deciding on which companies to invest in. The Commodity Future Trading Commission regulates the product futures and options markets. Its target includes the promotion of competitive and efficient futures markets and the protection of investors against manipulation, abusive wiliness scheme and fraud (U. S. Securities and Exchange Commission). Both the SEC and the CFTC played a role in investigating the massive trading losses in the moorage of JPMorgan Chase.The SECs investigation could only focus on the suitability and completeness of JPMorgan Chase financial reporting and other public disclosures. However SEC chairman Mary Schapiro stated that her agencys investigation is limited, because the trades happened in divisions of the banking giant that arnt subject to SEC regulation (CNN Money). The leader of CFTC, Gary Gensler, give an opinion that JPMorgans losses are worth looking into, because as a U. S. bank, it is an entity with direct admission to the Federal Reserves discount window and federal repair insurance (CNN Money).Determine the elements of a valid contract, and discuss how consumers and banks each have a duty of good faith and fair relations in the banking relationship. A contract is a legally obligatory promise or set of promises (Bagley, C. 2013). If this promise is broken, either party involved can be legally obligated and take the other party to court. There are four basic elements in the creation of a valid contract. The first consist of an agreement surrounded by the parties involved, by an presented offer and acceptance.The second states that the parties prom ises must be supported by something of worth, known as consideration. The third advises both parties must have the ability to image into a contract. The fourth element states the contract must have a legal purpose (Bagley, C 2013). The duty of good faith and good dealing is implied in every contract. In recent years the mortgage industry has been seen as a prime example of how consumers and banks need to better understand and perplex to duty of good faith and good dealings.Consumers had the responsibility of understanding the contracts involved in borrowing the bills needed for their homes. Banks had the responsibility of knowing who they should lend money to, and the conditions of the rates involved on the loans provided. Relationships between banks and consumers could have been avoided if the duty of good faith and good dealing was implemented on contracts granted between the banks and consumers. analyze and contrast the differences between intentional and negligent tort carr y outsA tort is a body of rights, and obligations that is applied by courts in civil proceedings to provide relief for psyches who have suffered harm. Tort means civil wrong resulting in injury to a person or property (Bagley, C. 2013). An intentional tort action is when there is intent to cause harm to a person or property . Intentional torts include things like assault and battery, slander, false imprisonment, libel, and intentional pain in the neck of emotional distress. These torts are often, but not al airs, the case that an intentional tort is also a criminal act (Bagley, C. 2013).A negligent tort action is when a person is careless to his or her own actions and did not intend to cause harm to a person or property. even off though that person is negligent, he or she is still held legally responsible because of their careless actions. To illustrate the difference between negligence and an intentional tort, lets look at an example with two different scenarios. The plaintiff i s a woman named Ramona, and in both cases, she is suing because of a broken leg. state of affair 1 Ramona is walk of life down the aisle of Wal-Mart store when she slips and falls on a puddle of cooking oils.The owner of the store was negligent for not cleaning up the spill. Even though the store owner did not intend for Ramona to get hurt, he is still likely for her broken led because his negligence lead to her injury. Scenario 2 Molly is walking to her car when she is assaulted by a man who wants to steal her wallet. The assailant shoves her to the ground, and she breaks her wrist as a result of the attack. The police later gather up the assailant, and Molly sues him for her injuries. In both cases the end result is the same Ramona end up with a broken leg.Both defendants can be held conjectural for Ramona injuries, but for different reasons. The store owner is liable because he failed to clean up the spilled of oils, which a reasonable person would have done. The assaulter is liable because they intentionally caused harm to Molly by pushing her. Discuss the tort action of Interference with Contractual Relations and Participating in a bust of Fiduciary duty and, if the bank youve chosen were to behave as JP Morgan did, would you be able to prevail in such a tort action.The disturbance with contractual relations defends the right to enjoy the benefits of legally binding agreements (Bagley, C 2013). The existence of a contract at the time of the assumed interference is what separates tortuous interference with contract from the more complicated to establish tortuous interference with prospective contractual relations. If good grounds exist for the interference, such as the case with JP Morgan, because the defendant would not be liable. With the advent of mobile banking, discuss how banks have protected the software that allows for online transaction to occur through automation.The majority banks inform consumers that they are protected by the Online Bank ing Security Guarantee, which covers the security of your information and bank accounts. Banks hold a liability of making sure the consumers security is protected, and if dishonored most banks provide guarantee up to a 100 percent against theft of your funds from online banking services. While many worry about online banking, theres good intelligence agency that mobile banking is to some extent secure just for the reason that there are so numerous variations of banking apps and methods in the market. A thief has no way of predicting which technique a possible victim might use.Cited Work U. S. Commodity Futures Trading Commission. (n. d. ). Retrieved March 1, 2013, from U. S. Commodity Futures Trading Commission http//www. cftc. gov/index. htm CNN Money (n. d. ). Retrieved March 1, 2013, from http//money. cnn. com/2012/05/22/news/economy/jp-morgan-senate/index. htm U. S. Securities and Exchange Commission. (n. d. ). Retrieved March 1, 2013, from U. S. Securities and Exchange Commis sion http//www. sec. gov/ Bagley, C. (2013). Managers and the Legal Environment Strategies for the 21st Century, 7th Edition. Mason South-Western, Cengage Learning.

Past Year Paper

under(a)cover BM/family 2011/ENT300/ETR300 UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI mara FINAL EXAMINATION COURSE COURSE figure EXAMINATION TIME FUNDAMENTALS OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP ENT300/ETR300 SEPTEMBER 2011 3 HOURS INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES 1. This foreland paper consists of four (4) part character A (20 Questions) stop B (20 Questions) get C (5 Questions) PART D (2 Questions) 2. dissolvent tout ensemble questions from PART A, B, four (4) questions from PART C, and unrivaled (1) question from PART D. i) ii) iii) solving PART A in the squargon(a)/False Answer Sheet, Answer PART B in the Objective Answer Sheet.Answer PART C and PART D in the Answer Booklet. Start each answer on a novel page. 3. Do not bring every material into the examination room unless permission is given by the invigilator. Please check to make trusdeucerthy that this examination pack consists of i) ii) iii) iv) the Question Paper an Answer Booklet provided by the might a True/False Answer Sheet provided by the st aff an Objective Answer Sheet provided by the Faculty 4. DO not TURN THIS PAGE UNTIL YOU be TOLD TO DO SO This examination paper consists of 10 printed pages Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologi mara undercover secret 2 BM/SEP 2011/ENT300/ETR300 PART A 1. An enterpriser is describe as a person who acts as instrument in trans corpseing demand into supply. The avouchment, A entrepreneur is an mortal who actively forms or leads his own byplay and nurtures it for development and prosperity, refers to the functional definition of an entrepreneur. In Malaysia, modest and medium attempts (SMEs) establish intimately 90% of the match value added in the manufacturing sector.The privilegee is a club which sells the decline to another party to operate the dealership concern. In a franchise system, the advertising and promotional piece is a one-off payment made by the franchisee to buy the right to operate the franchise In Malaysia, the miniature and medium enterprises (SMEs) ar c omm lonesome(prenominal) registered as doctor proprietorship argumentes. The affairs of all profession entities in Malaysia argon governed by the Memorandum and Article of Association.In a alliance descent, when there is no create verbally agreement, solution of any partner must be hold by all partners Under the Industrial Coordination stage (ICA) 1975, every manufacturing companion is required to obtain a manufacturing license from Malayan Industrial developing post (MIDA). Preparation of a chore plan is a surgical butt on that involves the identification, analysis and selection of viable championship ideas. The executive summary is part of the principal(prenominal) physical structure of the occupation plan. A well prep atomic number 18d trading operations plan will help the entrepreneur to esteem market word meaning of the harvest-home or service.A process chart refers to a diagram carrying the system of machines, equipment, workers and other facilities a pply in the operations compilation of geographic, demographic and psychographic factors is a process of market segmentation. The marches target market refers to the group of customers with needs and wants that deal be satisfied by the personal credit line by dint of the supply of goods or service. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. It is not mandatory for employers to contribute to the Employees provident Fund (EPF) as long they absorb contributed to the Social Security Organisation (SOCSO). Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologi MARA hidden 16. CONFIDENTIAL 3 BM/SEP 2011/ENT300/ETR300 17. The record of industry is normally draw in the formation aspect of the phone line plan. One of the main reasons for preparing a silver flow statement is to determine the judge profit for the mean period. Deposits and pre-operating expenses ar examples of expenditure that argon required to start a naked business. The main objective of Bumiputera Entrepreneurs Retail Project Fu nd (PROSPER) is to set up and upgrade Bumiputera entrepreneurs participation in the retail business. 20 marks) 18. 19. 20. Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologi MARA CONFIDENTIAL CONFIDENTIAL 4 BM/SEP 2011/ENT300/ETR300 PARTB 1. Which of the sp atomic number 18-time activity activities is related to entrepreneurship? A. B. C. D. E. Creation of something new of value Creation of wealth Production of harvest-festivals and services Expansion of business entities all(prenominal) of the to a higher place 2. Who described an entrepreneur as a knowledgeable psyche and is instrumental in the development of a city-state where enterprise will emerge? B. C. D. E. F. Joseph Schumpeter Adam Smith David McClelland Carl Menger Ibnu Khaldun . Which of the interest statements best describes an entrepreneur who has internal locus of check? A. B. C. D. E. He believes that success or hardship is goaded by his own effort. He believes in himself. He does not belief that success or failure of his vent ure is determined by fate or luck. He desires to take ain responsibilities. He examines the spotlight and determine how to increase the chance of winning a business situation 4. The statement, a successful entrepreneur places the highest priority on getting a line completed, is associated with A. B.C. D. E. Commitment to work contract vexation for high quality of work Efficiency druthers Systematic planning Problem solving 5. Which of the spare-time activity phases of creativity process involves discovery of the idea or solutions to the problems? A. B. C. D. E. Background or knowledge accumulation pensiveness process Idea experience Evaluation and carrying out None of the above Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologi MARA CONFIDENTIAL CONFIDENTIAL 5 BM/SEP 2011/ENT300/ETR300 6. Which of the following is a source of innovation within the confederation or industry? A. B. C. D. E.Demographic change Incongruities New knowledge transplant in consumer preference None of the above 7. Wh ich of the following statements is unbent about a partnership business? A. B. C. D. A partnership business is co-ordinated under the Companies Act 1965. A partnership business is incorporated under the Partnership Act 1961. A partnership business is incorporated under the Business enrolment Act 1956. A partnership is a sound entity and its identity is separate from the identity of its members. E. The feel track of a partnership business is not myrmecophilous upon the death or resignation of its members. . Which of the following statements about a private restrict company is NOT sure? A. A private limited company understructure take legal action and heart legal action under its own name. B. The life span of a private limited company depends upon the death or resignation of its members. C. The liabilities of the members in a private limited company are limited to the total conducts contributed to the companys capital. D. A private limited company must have at least deuce me mbers who are of Malayan Nationalities. E. The companys percents cannot be transacted through the share market. 9.Which of the following statements is TRUE about a franchise business? A. A franchise is a product and/or service distribution system governed by a contract made between two parties i. e. the franchisor and the franchisee B. A product/ passel name franchise is a system where the franchisee acquires sales right which includes the trade name, trademark, and/or products from the franchisor upon the signing of the dealership contract. C. A business format franchise is a system where the franchisee is allow the right to manufacture and market the franchisors product and/or services using a complete franchisors business set-up.D. The franchisee is a person who purchases the right from the franchisee to operate the franchise. E. altogether of the above are true. 10. Which of the entrepreneurs? A. B. C. D. E. following ministries/agencies provides financial assistant for Fed eral Agricultural commercializeing Authority (FAMA) Malaysian outside Trade Development Corporation (MATRADE) Malaysian Entrepreneurship Development Centre (MEDEC) Perbadanan Usahawan Nasional Berhad (PUNB). Malaysian Industrial Development Authority (MIDA) CONFIDENTIAL Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologi MARA CONFIDENTIAL 6 BM/SEP 2011/ENT300/ETR300 1. Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE? A. Construction of buildings can lonesome(prenominal) be undertaken with the written approval from local anesthetic Authority. B. In setting up a manufacturing business, a planning permission from Local Authority is infallible. C. All business licences related to factory premises, advertising signage, storage and canteen must be obtained from Local Authority. D. The environmental control and approval are under the responsibility of Local Authority. E. All of the above are not true. 12. Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE about a business plan? A.A business plan is a written do cument that describes the proposed business or project in a oecumenical manner. B. A business plan can be used as a basis for find out the viability of the new business. C. A business plan can be used as a chat tool to convince probable investors of the viability of the new venture. D. A business plan enables the entrepreneur to distribute business resources more effectively. E. A business plan enables the entrepreneur to evaluate and select a viable business idea. 13. Readers of a business plan include I. II. III. IV. A. B. C. D. E.Employees Investors Suppliers registrar of Companies II only II and III only I, II and III only I, II, and IV only All of the above 14. Which of the following is an objective of preparing a marketing plan? A. B. C. D. E. To evaluate market acceptance To develop marketing strategies for products or services offered by the business. To identify required resources to execute the marketing strategy. To assessment financial requirements for the marketin g activities. All of the above are objectives of preparing a marketing plan. Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologi MARA CONFIDENTIAL CONFIDENTIAL 7 BM/SEP 2011/ENT300/ETR300 5. The following factors should be construeed when determining distribution strategy, EXCEPT A. B. C. D. E. Type of product Target market Market share Market coverage. Product standardization 16. Which of the following information should be included in the brass section aspect of the business plan? A. Background of the registered owners of the business including their relevant qualifications, skills, experiences, business office in business and stake or share in the business. B. Mission statements which describe how entrepreneurs will get hold of their purposes in the environments in which they conduct business.C. Nature of the industry, including economical trends, important legal or regulatory issues, and potential risks. D. Product characteristics, distribution, promotion, and pricing strategies. E. Amount of currency needed to run the business, amount available, and amount requested from new sources. 17. Which of the following factors should be considered when choosing suppliers for raw materials? A. B. C. D. E. Quality of the materials supplied terms and discount offered Payment and delivery terms epoch between orders and delivery All of the above factors should be considered 18.Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE about a process chart? A. Symbols used in the process chart can also be used in a Job Activity chart of a worker. B. Process Chart will show the sequence of activities required to produce the product or services. C. In a process chart, delay heart and soul the process is delayed because the materials-inprocess are waiting for the beside activity. D. The symbol V indicates the movement of materials or goods from one place to another. E. The first step in preparing a process chart is to identify all the activities twisty to manufacture the product or deliver the services. Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologi MARA CONFIDENTIAL CONFIDENTIAL 8 BM/SEP 2011/ENT300/ETR300 19. Which of the following statement is TRUE? A. Sources of finance refers to the sources where funds to finance a particular project implementation costs can be obtained. B. Internal sources of finance mainly come in the form of coin contributions or other assets from the entrepreneurs. C. External sources of finance are mainly derived from commercial banks, finance companies and government agencies. D. External sources of finance may come in the form of term loans, hire purchase or grants. E. All of the above are true. 0. Which of the following statements is TRUE? A. Pro forma income statement refers to the projected statement of cash inflow and outflow throughout the planned period. B. Pro forma income statement shows the expected profit or loss for the planned period. C. Pro forma income statement shows the financial position of the business at a specific point in time in te rms of assets owned and how those assets are financed. D. Pro forma income statement shows the beginning and ending cash balances for a particular period. E. All of the above are true. (40 marks) Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologi MARACONFIDENTIAL CONFIDENTIAL 9 BM/SEP 2011/ENT300/ETR300 PARTC chief 1 shortly explain five (5) of the personal entrepreneurial competencies (PEC) associated with successful entrepreneurs. (5 marks) question 2 What are the criteria used to evaluate and select viable entrepreneurial opportunities? (5 marks) examination 3 What are the factors that you need to consider when choosing a location for your business? (5 marks) QUESTION 4 In preparing the organization plan, it is important include the organization structure of the business organization. Briefly explain the non-homogeneous types of organizational structure. 5 marks) QUESTION 5 Briefly discuss the importance of preparing financial plan. (5 marks) Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologi MARA CONFIDENTIAL CO NFIDENTIAL 10 BM/SEP 2011/ENT300/ETR300 PARTD QUESTION 1 Define the term entrepreneurial motivation. Discuss, with examples, five (5) common characteristics of achievement-oriented entrepreneurs. (20 marks) QUESTION 2 explain the importance of materials requirement planning. Describe the steps problematic in materials requirement planning process. (20 marks) END OF QUESTION PAPER Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologi MARA CONFIDENTIALPast course PaperCONFIDENTIAL BM/SEP 2011/ENT300/ETR300 UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA FINAL EXAMINATION COURSE COURSE CODE EXAMINATION TIME FUNDAMENTALS OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP ENT300/ETR300 SEPTEMBER 2011 3 HOURS INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES 1. This question paper consists of four (4) parts PART A (20 Questions) PART B (20 Questions) PART C (5 Questions) PART D (2 Questions) 2. Answer ALL questions from PART A, B, four (4) questions from PART C, and one (1) question from PART D. i) ii) iii) Answer PART A in the True/False Answer Sheet, Answer PART B in the Object ive Answer Sheet.Answer PART C and PART D in the Answer Booklet. Start each answer on a new page. 3. Do not bring any material into the examination room unless permission is given by the invigilator. Please check to make sure that this examination pack consists of i) ii) iii) iv) the Question Paper an Answer Booklet provided by the Faculty a True/False Answer Sheet provided by the Faculty an Objective Answer Sheet provided by the Faculty 4. DO NOT TURN THIS PAGE UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO This examination paper consists of 10 printed pages Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologi MARA CONFIDENTIAL CONFIDENTIAL 2 BM/SEP 2011/ENT300/ETR300 PART A 1. An entrepreneur is described as a person who acts as agent in transforming demand into supply. The statement, A entrepreneur is an individual who actively forms or leads his own business and nurtures it for growth and prosperity, refers to the functional definition of an entrepreneur. In Malaysia, small and medium enterprises (SMEs) contribute a bout 90% of the total value added in the manufacturing sector.The franchisee is a company which sells the right to another party to operate the franchise business. In a franchise system, the advertising and promotional contribution is a one-off payment made by the franchisee to purchase the right to operate the franchise In Malaysia, the small and medium enterprises (SMEs) are commonly registered as sole proprietorship businesses. The affairs of all business entities in Malaysia are governed by the Memorandum and Article of Association.In a partnership business, when there is no written agreement, termination of any partner must be agreed by all partners Under the Industrial Coordination Act (ICA) 1975, every manufacturing company is required to obtain a manufacturing license from Malaysian Industrial Development Authority (MIDA). Preparation of a business plan is a process that involves the identification, analysis and selection of viable business ideas. The executive summary is pa rt of the main body of the business plan. A well prepared operations plan will help the entrepreneur to evaluate market acceptance of the product or service.A process chart refers to a diagram showing the arrangement of machines, equipment, workers and other facilities used in the operations Compilation of geographic, demographic and psychographic factors is a process of market segmentation. The term target market refers to the group of customers with needs and wants that can be satisfied by the business through the supply of goods or services. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. It is not mandatory for employers to contribute to the Employees Provident Fund (EPF) as long they have contributed to the Social Security Organisation (SOCSO). Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologi MARA CONFIDENTIAL 16. CONFIDENTIAL 3 BM/SEP 2011/ENT300/ETR300 17. The nature of industry is normally described in the organization aspect of the business plan. One of the main reasons for preparing a cash flow statement is to determine the expected profit for the planned period. Deposits and pre-operating expenses are examples of expenditure that are required to start a new business. The main objective of Bumiputera Entrepreneurs Retail Project Fund (PROSPER) is to enhance and upgrade Bumiputera entrepreneurs participation in the retail business. 20 marks) 18. 19. 20. Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologi MARA CONFIDENTIAL CONFIDENTIAL 4 BM/SEP 2011/ENT300/ETR300 PARTB 1. Which of the following activities is related to entrepreneurship? A. B. C. D. E. Creation of something new of value Creation of wealth Production of products and services Expansion of business entities All of the above 2. Who described an entrepreneur as a knowledgeable individual and is instrumental in the development of a city-state where enterprise will emerge? B. C. D. E. F. Joseph Schumpeter Adam Smith David McClelland Carl Menger Ibnu Khaldun . Which of the following statements best describes an entrepreneur who has internal locus of control? A. B. C. D. E. He believes that success or failure is determined by his own effort. He believes in himself. He does not belief that success or failure of his venture is determined by fate or luck. He desires to take personal responsibilities. He examines the situation and determine how to increase the chance of winning a business situation 4. The statement, a successful entrepreneur places the highest priority on getting a job completed, is associated with A. B.C. D. E. Commitment to work contract Concern for high quality of work Efficiency orientation Systematic planning Problem solving 5. Which of the following phases of creativity process involves discovery of the idea or solutions to the problems? A. B. C. D. E. Background or knowledge accumulation Incubation process Idea experience Evaluation and implementation None of the above Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologi MARA CONFIDENTIAL CONFIDENTIAL 5 BM/SEP 2011/ENT300/ETR300 6. Which of the following is a s ource of innovation within the company or industry? A. B. C. D. E.Demographic change Incongruities New knowledge Change in consumer preference None of the above 7. Which of the following statements is TRUE about a partnership business? A. B. C. D. A partnership business is incorporated under the Companies Act 1965. A partnership business is incorporated under the Partnership Act 1961. A partnership business is incorporated under the Business Registration Act 1956. A partnership is a legal entity and its identity is separate from the identity of its members. E. The life span of a partnership business is not dependent upon the death or resignation of its members. . Which of the following statements about a private limited company is NOT TRUE? A. A private limited company can take legal action and face legal action under its own name. B. The life span of a private limited company depends upon the death or resignation of its members. C. The liabilities of the members in a private limite d company are limited to the total shares contributed to the companys capital. D. A private limited company must have at least two members who are of Malaysian Nationalities. E. The companys shares cannot be transacted through the share market. 9.Which of the following statements is TRUE about a franchise business? A. A franchise is a product and/or service distribution system governed by a contract made between two parties i. e. the franchisor and the franchisee B. A product/trade name franchise is a system where the franchisee acquires sales right which includes the trade name, trademark, and/or products from the franchisor upon the signing of the dealership contract. C. A business format franchise is a system where the franchisee is granted the right to manufacture and market the franchisors product and/or services using a complete franchisors business set-up.D. The franchisee is a person who purchases the right from the franchisee to operate the franchise. E. All of the above ar e true. 10. Which of the entrepreneurs? A. B. C. D. E. following ministries/agencies provides financial assistance for Federal Agricultural Marketing Authority (FAMA) Malaysian External Trade Development Corporation (MATRADE) Malaysian Entrepreneurship Development Centre (MEDEC) Perbadanan Usahawan Nasional Berhad (PUNB). Malaysian Industrial Development Authority (MIDA) CONFIDENTIAL Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologi MARA CONFIDENTIAL 6 BM/SEP 2011/ENT300/ETR300 1. Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE? A. Construction of buildings can only be undertaken with the written approval from Local Authority. B. In setting up a manufacturing business, a planning permission from Local Authority is needed. C. All business licences related to factory premises, advertising signage, storage and canteen must be obtained from Local Authority. D. The environmental control and approval are under the responsibility of Local Authority. E. All of the above are not true. 12. Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE about a business plan? A.A business plan is a written document that describes the proposed business or project in a comprehensive manner. B. A business plan can be used as a basis for determining the viability of the new business. C. A business plan can be used as a communication tool to convince potential investors of the viability of the new venture. D. A business plan enables the entrepreneur to distribute business resources more effectively. E. A business plan enables the entrepreneur to evaluate and select a viable business idea. 13. Readers of a business plan include I. II. III. IV. A. B. C. D. E.Employees Investors Suppliers Registrar of Companies II only II and III only I, II and III only I, II, and IV only All of the above 14. Which of the following is an objective of preparing a marketing plan? A. B. C. D. E. To evaluate market acceptance To develop marketing strategies for products or services offered by the business. To identify required resources to execute the marketing strategy. To estimate financial requirements for the marketing activities. All of the above are objectives of preparing a marketing plan. Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologi MARA CONFIDENTIAL CONFIDENTIAL 7 BM/SEP 2011/ENT300/ETR300 5. The following factors should be considered when determining distribution strategy, EXCEPT A. B. C. D. E. Type of product Target market Market share Market coverage. Product standardization 16. Which of the following information should be included in the organization aspect of the business plan? A. Background of the registered owners of the business including their relevant qualifications, skills, experiences, role in business and stake or share in the business. B. Mission statements which describe how entrepreneurs will achieve their purposes in the environments in which they conduct business.C. Nature of the industry, including economic trends, important legal or regulatory issues, and potential risks. D. Product characteristics , distribution, promotion, and pricing strategies. E. Amount of funds needed to run the business, amount available, and amount requested from new sources. 17. Which of the following factors should be considered when choosing suppliers for raw materials? A. B. C. D. E. Quality of the materials supplied Price and discount offered Payment and delivery terms Time between orders and delivery All of the above factors should be considered 18.Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE about a process chart? A. Symbols used in the process chart can also be used in a Job Activity Chart of a worker. B. Process Chart will show the sequence of activities required to produce the product or services. C. In a process chart, delay means the process is delayed because the materials-inprocess are waiting for the next activity. D. The symbol V indicates the movement of materials or goods from one place to another. E. The first step in preparing a process chart is to identify all the activities inv olved to manufacture the product or deliver the services. Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologi MARA CONFIDENTIAL CONFIDENTIAL 8 BM/SEP 2011/ENT300/ETR300 19. Which of the following statement is TRUE? A. Sources of finance refers to the sources where funds to finance a particular project implementation costs can be obtained. B. Internal sources of finance mainly come in the form of cash contributions or other assets from the entrepreneurs. C. External sources of finance are mainly derived from commercial banks, finance companies and government agencies. D. External sources of finance may come in the form of term loans, hire purchase or grants. E. All of the above are true. 0. Which of the following statements is TRUE? A. Pro forma income statement refers to the projected statement of cash inflow and outflow throughout the planned period. B. Pro forma income statement shows the expected profit or loss for the planned period. C. Pro forma income statement shows the financial position of the business at a specific point in time in terms of assets owned and how those assets are financed. D. Pro forma income statement shows the beginning and ending cash balances for a particular period. E. All of the above are true. (40 marks) Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologi MARACONFIDENTIAL CONFIDENTIAL 9 BM/SEP 2011/ENT300/ETR300 PARTC QUESTION 1 Briefly explain five (5) of the personal entrepreneurial competencies (PEC) associated with successful entrepreneurs. (5 marks) QUESTION 2 What are the criteria used to evaluate and select viable entrepreneurial opportunities? (5 marks) QUESTION 3 What are the factors that you need to consider when choosing a location for your business? (5 marks) QUESTION 4 In preparing the organization plan, it is important include the organization structure of the business organization. Briefly explain the various types of organizational structure. 5 marks) QUESTION 5 Briefly discuss the importance of preparing financial plan. (5 marks) Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologi MARA CONFIDENTIAL CONFIDENTIAL 10 BM/SEP 2011/ENT300/ETR300 PARTD QUESTION 1 Define the term entrepreneurial motivation. Discuss, with examples, five (5) common characteristics of achievement-oriented entrepreneurs. (20 marks) QUESTION 2 Explain the importance of materials requirement planning. Describe the steps involved in materials requirement planning process. (20 marks) END OF QUESTION PAPER Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologi MARA CONFIDENTIAL

Looking for Alaska Essay

John Greens 2006 brisk Looking for Alaska personally affected me as I could relate to one of the main characters Miles (Pudge). The theme of belonging was also very relevant as this novel touches on the concern of Miles suit into his new school and decision out how foreverything works at Culver brook Preparatory. I directly can relate to Miles in this brain as I am legato new and am trying to figure out how my new school works and also finding a friendship radical that I am comfortable in.This novel is great because it raises questions about individuals apprehensiveness of true friendship, love, loyalty and having a sense of belonging. It shows the importance of truly living life to the fullest rather that only when watching it fly by. The conflicts within the characters themselves lead readers inward to examine how much everyone needs a sense knowing where we belong. Pudge buys the cigarettes to show that he can be a part of his new friendship groups crowd.A certain amount of peer pressure was probably involved, with Pudge worried about fitting in and making friends. The Colonel talked me into paying five dollars for a pack of Marlboro Lights I had no intention of ever smoking. I think that by Miles giving into this peer pressure he would hope that it would make him tint more normal and apart of that what his friends were partaking in. The use of first person narrative point of view allowed me to draw things as Miles does.It gave me a deeper understanding of how he is affected by people, events and his own reactions and feelings as the novel progresses. This is no more clearly seen than in the event of Alaska dying, I was limited to Miles own feelings and emotions surrounding her death. The idea of evil and loss becomes apparent as we see him struggle to deal with her death and the role he compete in it, with him trying to figure out where he belongs. He experiences a loss of innocence as he is forced to re-evaluate his philosophy on life and find his own place in the world.Alaskas death aids in Miles coming-of-age journey. I felt the total loss of her, still reeling from the idea that she was non only gone from this world, but from them all This can be very relatable for different audiences who might retain suffered a great loss like Miles. Looking for Alaska depicts many messages about ones decisive need to belong, some of which I can personally relate to. As well as other aspects of the novel that other audiences can personally relate to.

Ethical review form

1. What atomic number 18 the objectives of the research project?The object of the research project is to content the implications on the implementation of the various requirements of Trade Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) by the developing countries who atomic number 18 members of the World TradeOrganisation (WTO)2. Does the research involve NHS patients, resources or staff? If so, it is likely that full ethical review mustiness be obtained from the NHS process before the research can start. NO 3. Do you intend to arrest ancient entropy from human subjects or entropy that are identifiable with individuals? (This includes, for example, questionnaires and interviews.)NOIf you do not intend to have such primary data then revel go to question 14.If you do intend to collect such primary data then please respond to ALL the questions 4 through 13. If you tactual sensation a question does not apply then please respond with n/a (for not applicable).4. What is the purpose of the primary data in the dissertation / research project? n/a 5. What is/are the survey population(s)? n/a 6. How big is the sample for each of the survey populations and how was this sample arrived at? n/a7. How go away respondents be selected and recruited? n/a8. What steps are proposed to ensure that the requirements of assured consent will be met for those taking part in the research? If an Information Sheet for participants is to be used, please attach it to this form. If not, please explain how you will be able to demonstrate that informed consent has been gained from participants.n/a 9. How will data be collected from each of the sample groups? n/a 10. How will data be stored and what will happen to the data at the end of the research? n/a11. How will confidentiality be assured for respondents? n/a 12. What steps are proposed to safeguard the anonymity of the respondents? n/a 13. Are in that location either risks (physical or other, including reputational) to respondents that may result from taking part in this research? If so, please specify and area what measures are proposed to deal with these risks. n/a 14. Will both data be obtained from a phoner or other organisation. YES / NO (please circle) For example, information provided by an employer or its employees. What steps are proposed to ensure that the requirements of informed consent will be met for that organisation? How will confidentiality be assured for the organisation?No data will be obtained from a company or other organization.15. Are there any risks (physical or other, including reputational) to the researcher or to the University that may result from conducting this research? If so, please specify and state what measures are proposed to debate these risks. No risks (physical or other, including reputational) to the researcher or to the University will result from conducting this research.16. Will the proposed research involve any of the following (please put a next to yes or no consult your supervisor if you are unsure) indefensible groups (e.g. children)? NO Particularly sensitive topics? NO recover to respondents via gatekeepers? NO Use of deception? NO Access to confidential personal data? NO Psychological stress, anxiety etc? NO Intrusive interventions? NO17. Are there any other ethical issues that may arise from the proposed research? NO

Dante s Daughter

Their family is then force to pass on their home town of Florence Italy by the co instant dueling of political groups in the cities, between the white-hot disjunctures, who opposed the p papacy twist and the black Gulfs, who supported the papacy. Dante, her father, in comparable manner a white Gulf supporter, went to Rome on business to see Pope Boniface sevenI, when the black Gulfs take over the CIA TTY, the Aligner family knew that they had to come off the city in fear that they would all be k swooninged by ca use of Dents political standing(a) and the fact that he was non present in Florence.Antonio was to fool w her br other(a)s protrude of the city and their become would meet them later, they had to run egress of the city, s he saw galore(postnominal) gruesome events of war firearm she was fleeing the city, she saw the received chaos that came from people during durations of war. Their family had to disperse amongst their relatives and some of her b rooters even went external to become apprentices Gina went to their Uncle Francesco, piece Pitter and Jackpot became ablates with the Dominicans at Santa Maria.As for Antonio she went to substantiation and help with her fathers sister, Deviant, and her family, Disco her uncle who was a carkter, and her cousins Margarita and Foe in Siena. As for her mother, she had went to work on her mothers farms. Antonio lived with her aunt and uncle for nearly five years. Her mother visited her as often as she could. She worked along with Disco in his shop learning to twinget, and hell peed out with the housework with Deviant, Margarita and Lecturer, Discos sister. She had SSH eared a bed with Margarita who was that a couple of years older than her and got to know he r material well.One day Notations father sends a earn to her, inviting her to come along with him to P arise France since he give e studying at the university in that respect, he already offered her brothers to come w tit only they co uld non. unawares after Antonio receives the letter her father. Dante arrived so soon that Antonio had barely gotten to counterbalance up her mind, but she decided to go along with her father on this DVD endure. Through their travels Antonio gets a new understanding of her father. Antonio along with he r inattentive father travel from city to city spending their nights in either societys or with nobles, in their cash tiles. Pond their arrival to Paris, Dante immediately goes to into his studies in search h of new companionship, while in the first couple of days Antonio is just sitting just about the an. Eventually, Antonio met up with an old ally of her fathers, at a Beguine, a community of sings e women living under Nun like conditions but could work to make a living and could break free of an y vows and leave if they like. Antonio decided to outride with the women of the Beguine while her father r studied at the university.The trey ladies Antonio stayed with, Claire, Mate d, and Assess, worked as illumination, an art form make to liven up a page of a book or a document, Antonio helped with her prior acquaintance f painting. Events quickly went downhill for the group of misss, Assess died, and later her mother Claire. As for Antonio, Dante decided that the knowledge he had sought, could d not be obtained at the University and they decided to head back to Italy. Antonio had returned to Siena to stay with her Uncle Discos family again, who ill Dante had left her to work with the emperor of Germany and Italy.Disco was on a new commission that had made them much wealthier, and of figure ein truth wiz was much older than the y were previously. Margarita was soon to be engaged with Pitter, and Antonio had also begun t experience her share of romantic relationships, first with Seeing a loving apprentice to Disco, then Tit ere to Farina, a modern man who lived in Florence, when she had moved there to live with her mother r and uncle. Yet neither one wor ked out, she left Siena forgetting about Seeing, and when the emperor r failed at capturing Florence, the Aligner name meant little and was hated in Florence, so Farina a didnt want to marry her.Notations Family was reunited and continued to live on in a house of their owe n in Vienna. Antonio struggled with what the true meaning of her life was to be with god. S he had gotten malaria, which she was lucky full to surpass. Imbroglio, on of her best friends fro m back in Siena had came to visit her in her State Of illness and cherished to marry her, Antonio agrees and they live happily, until Imbroglio dies of plague. Antonio then decides, knowing her fate, to join the c invent of San Stefan Dogleg Alive.The Historical manufacture raw, Dana?s Daughter had gotten many things right with barely any wrongful descriptions, the creator, Kimberly Houston surely did their homework. Not only did she write this novel spotlessly she did it in SST of the different aspects of the book. Wheth er it was from their lifestyle of different social classes, like what they ate, wore and how they lived, the musical mode they traveled, the events that happened in the time hitch of the early fourteenth century, their beliefs, and even the fact that virtually of the characters actually existed in this time period.The author portrayed the lifestyles of the people in the book really realistically. The roles of women in the 1300 in actuality was to stay home maintain the household, cooking, cleaning and taking care of the children, which was the name roles the author portrayed, the mothers of different households perpetually vigilant their food and spent the day cleaning and tidying up the house. Younger girls like Antonio in the novel helped with such(prenominal) chores like the laundry. In the novel they did the laundry down at the river which was unwashed in that era (McKay, seat P. ). Antonio mother wore a turban when she would clean, which was also accurately explained.Cl othing worn by characters was only described for the females, it was always gowns with different colors, always handmade by the mothers of the household, and silk as precise dressy and expensive. In history, it was common for families to make their own clothing and women only really wore gowns, silk was of the most valuable cloth in this time wander as well (McKay, prank As for the common diet of Italians in the thirteen hundreds, consisted mostly of bread, which was the most important staple of their diet and stews, made of whatever ingredients they could get.Houston wrote about what they would eat, they would always eat bread with olive oil, and Notations mother would always seduce the best soups made from the best ingredients she could mind, which would have been temper for the time period and the wealth of the Aligner family. Between the pair of Antonio and Dante, when they were traveling they had a mule and horse, which only the higher class could spread since many poor p ilgrims could only travel on foot which was accurate for the time too.The Nobility that Dante and Antonio stayed with also had a very descriptive lifestyle differing from the Aligner family. The upper class lived in self-aggrandizing palaces or castles and had feasts very often, in which they ate exotic foods, crayfish, eels in plum sauce, asparagus, cheese tarts, green beans eked in almond milk, articulation venison with garlic, social functionridge stewed with lentils and shallots, chicken cooked with pears and brandy, tiny spring lettuces dressed with olive oil and perceive, junket, strawberry tarts, and many other dishes.The nobility also had the ability to house many subjects they sought useful for their skills. There were two major patrons of Dante, lady Cluenice, and passel Grandee. In history little is known about the true paths Dante had taken, there is no circular of him staying with a lady Cluenice, but there is documentation of him staying with Can Grandee for the reason of Can Grandees interests in the importance and reasoning behind The Divine Comedy, that Dante was writing the evidence is found in the letter that Dante had pen to Can Grandee explaining the books (Aligner, Dante).Dante Aligner was a famous poet in the time period who had written many books the three parts that make up The Divine Comedy, Inferno, Purgatorial, and Paradise, all mentioned in the book positive(p) his writings of other books, and The Banquet, although over fifty poetic works are known from Dante. Antonio was very fascinated by the large structures of the gigantic cathedrals in Paris, mainly Notre dame. She was very intrigued, and found peace amongst its large mosaics held together by lead.This account was very accurate, Notre dame is famous for its large mosaics, and it started its construction in 1160 and finished in 1345, well inside Notations lifetime. Kimberly Houston portrayed the lifestyles of different social groups very accurately throughout the novel. There was one common ailment that multiple people contracted throughout the happening of the book, and it was malaria, a disease carried by mosquito. Antonio had contracted it, and during the time it was about a death sentence (McKay, John P. , yet she survived through it.Antonio had experienced immense pain and was deathly ill, for a couple of weeks, then would endure eight hour long fevers and intense pain that would go away and return two days later. Antonio went through series of pains much like the actual symptoms which were, headaches, fever, lethargy, chills, abdominal pains, sickness, muscular pains, diarrhea, and coughing fits. Kimberly Houston had shown the symptoms characters were experiencing accurately as they would be in the real world. The common scientific beliefs of people in the novel were also of accurate details in the novel.Accurately for this time, people in the story believed in the Ptolemaic system. Which stated that the heavens rotated on big crystal sphe res around the earth. This was the common belief until 1 543, when Copernicus published On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres, which proved the earth was not at the center Of the universe (McKay, John Many of the events that took place in the book happened in real life. In the book, King Phillips armies had harried Boniface VII to death, and engineered Clement V into office, and brought the papacy into France.While written accurately, the papacy was stationed in Avignon, France in 1309, in the time frame covered in the book, and in fact it was King Philip IV that that is responsible for both moving the papacy and bringing in a tradition of having French popes. some other event including King Philip IV of France is that there is a scene from the book where the Knights Template and everyone associated with them are world arrested for the Kings benefit. What the book failed to mention is the reasoning behind Philip Avis actions and motives of this action.King Philip IV was very much in debt to the Template, whereas in the novel had explained it s the Template were engaged in unnatural and illegal activities offensive to god (Houston, Kimberley Burton), which was not true since the Template Were a strictly ran group, by the pope, to be a religious army, but King Philip did have them arrested in real history for his own benefit. The Template, described by Houston, were very large, muscular men, with the knowledge of scholars, which is an accurate description of the way the Knights Template would have been since they were knights.Antonio along with the other women of the Beguine, had done work for the Template illume comments, which would have been against the code of the Template to have any contact with women (Temporarily. Com). Another event that took place was the newly elected emperor Henry VII, who in the novel was convinced by Dante Aligner to march on Florence to bring it amongst his empire and to hopefully redeem the Aligner name in Florence, Ita ly.The holy roman emperor Henry VII of Germany historically had the support of Dante, and did wage war on Romancer since they were part of the Gulfs, both Dante and Henry VII were Gibberellins (McKay, John P). Yet another event that occurred in he book happened in Verona, Italy, it was that the palace that Can Grandee lived in was frescoed by an artist named Ghetto, nothing is known of his work in Verona, Ghosts Personality in the book was that he was very enthusiastic and compassionate towards art, he also had a very high pitch girl laugh, Not much is known of his personality although he did work on many frescoes.In addition, the Aligner Family was forced to leave their hometown of Florence by cause of the dueling political parties, the Gibberellins and the Gulfs, which were actual groups at the time which either liked the popes influence on everything or despised it.Lastly, the fall of Rome to the Byzantines and barbarians who began to construct huge basilicas with large mosaics o n the interior, was mentioned towards the latter part of the book, the Byzantines had actually built these large basilicas although it was really the decline of the holy roman empire that brought in these Byzantines and barbarians to influence Rome (McKay, John The options a women could take throughout their life was described in the book as, if they did not get married, they could use their dowry from their parents to join a convent and become a nun, join a Beguine, or become a requisite.This statement made in the book by Antonio is not completely true, not only could women become housewives, nuns, or prostitutes, but they could also work as servants or join a Beguine. In the book none of the younger people had known about Beguines, and even when Antonio had found out she only thought that they existed in France. Although many of the surviving Beguines exist in Belgium albeit there was one in France, and many of the ancient Beguines had existed on the outskirts of Paris, the Beguin e described in the book, sounded like it was nearly in the center OfParis, because it was inwardly a short walking distance to important areas like shops and Dante could be there quickly to visit, plus there were buildings they went to on both sides of the Beguine. The tools and procedures used by the different fine professions were described briefly in the novel, it had listed the linoleum, what processes they would make paints and glues for frames, and the different layers in a fresco. The linoleum was a moon shaped knife meant for preparing diploma by scraping the excess skin and hairs off of pelts.This linoleum knife was actually seed almost exclusively for illuminating because illuminating required a special type of medium to be written on (Illumination parchment). Antonio had known the preparation steps to make this parchment from learning it from Disco he uncle, who was an artist, one would take calf skin stretch it out, scrape the excess skin and impurities from it, then burst out it into separate sheets until of desirable thickness, and then scrape it again with the linoleum to get rid of any glistening surfaces.This process of manufacturing parchment was common through the middle ages and into the Renaissance (Differences teens Parchment, Vellum and Paper. ). When Disco was working on the sight, an actual painting done in sienna by the real Disco (Disco Did Obnoxiousness, Masses Altarpiece), him and his apprentices, would always be asking for egg whites from the girls to mix with pigments from plants, and asking for cheeses which they would use to make their glues to put together frames. Egg whites were in fact used to make the popular paint tempera during the Renaissance, and so was cheese used inn glues during this time period.The base layers of frescoes described in the novel, by Houston, was Ricoh, and intonation, these were the easiest and required the least artistic ability out of the whole Fresco process, and they were the top finishing l ayer and the base starting layer (Categories Terms. ). The author had gotten every detail right, when it came to the tools and procedures that had been used in the making of the artwork in the story. The river systems as described in the novel were the Aaron River of Florence, and the Adage River of Verona.The Main character Antonio had described the Aaron River as Very muddy and not very navigable whereas the Adage River in Verona was better navigable and as a result had more handle coming in. The Aaron River in Florence has many tributaries which makes it harder to navigate and the Adage River does not making it easier to navigate. In Conclusion, the author, Kimberly Houston, did a very good job in the development of Dents Daughter. She had gotten about ninety-nine percent of the detail, events and people right in the development of this book.She had made the fiction life of actual characters very accurate and convincing for the time period. She had gotten the tools and procedure s for original artistic jobs right or the time frame, the correct people doing the right events in the right year, correct descriptions of travel and the river ways, the ways certain groups acted, the food they ate, the clothes they wore, the ideology of the common people, the side effects of malaria, artistic terms, and even the existence Of certain characters and their connection in history.